![]() Nonmetal atoms gain electrons to form anions with a negative charge equal to the A group number minus eight. Ion Electron Configurations Metal atoms lose electrons to form cations with a positive charge equal to the group number. Half-filled d subshells are favored if possible (Hund’s Rule) 3dĮxample 5 What family of elements is characterized by having an ns2np3 valence-electron configuration? Group 5A Valence electrons – electrons held in outer shell Core electrons – electrons held in filled inner shellsĮlectron Configurations of Transition Elements ĭ subshell being filled valence electrons - s and p electrons in outermost shell plus electrons in incompletely filled (n - 1)d subshell (n - 1)d orbitals are filled after ns orbitals and before filling np orbitals Valence Electrons Chemically similar behavior occurs among elements within a group in the periodic table. go back and pair electrons with 4, 5 and 6 Hund’s Rule – electrons pair only after each orbital in a subshell is occupied by a single electron C: 1s 2 2s 2 2p2 1sĮlectron Configurations and the Periodic Table.half-fill each orbital with first 3 electrons.for atoms in ground state – electrons occupy energy shells, subshells and orbitals that give the lowest energy for the atom Įlectron Configurations for orbitals with same energy (degenerate) such as the three 2p orbitals. ![]() Electron Configuration – complete description of orbitals occupied by all the electrons in an atom
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